During 1930s- All revolutionaries (freedom fighters) and revolutionary organizations [except so called “CONGRESS POLITICAL PARTY AND ITS MEMBERS/FOLLOWERS”] of UNITED UNDIVIDED INDIA
warned non muslims (Hindus , Sikhs , Jains , Buddhists , native indigenous cultures) about the partition of India . Partition of India will occur was foresighted by all revolutionaries (freedom fighters) and revolutionary organizations [except so called “CONGRESS POLITICAL PARTY AND ITS MEMBERS/FOLLOWERS”] before 1947.
All revolutionaries (freedom fighters) and revolutionary organizations [except so called “CONGRESS POLITICAL PARTY AND ITS MEMBERS/FOLLOWERS”] were sure that the muslims will partition India and the britishers (christians) will support the muslims for the same.
But non muslims (Hindus , Sikhs , Jains , Buddhists , native indigenous cultures) voted for congress political party and congress cheated Undivided United India / Undivided United Indians by dividing India on 15th August 1947.
“Secular” word added in Indian constitution the 42nd Amendment-
On June 26, 1975, prime minister Indira Gandhi (daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru and wife of Feroze Jehangir Ghandy).
Note : The Gandhi surname came from Feroze Gandhi, a politician of Parsi muslim ancestry, who changed the spelling of his surname, from Ghandy to Gandhi, after joining the independence movement to make it the same as M.K. Gandhi’s . However , M.K. Gandhi had no relation with him and Feroze Jehangir means “successful world-conqueror” [Feroze name means “Successful” and Jehangir name means “World-conqueror”].
Indira Gandhi announced on the All India Radio that “the president has proclaimed Emergency”. All old and new political opponents of Indira Gandhi mostly student activists, political leaders , trade unionists were put behind bars. Elections were suspended and civil liberties curbed. Thousands were arrested under MISA- the Maintenance of Internal Security Act. Anti-poverty programs, slum demolition drives, and the forced sterilisation campaign were some of the most important measures carried out by the government during this period.
The 42nd amendment the description of India in the preamble was changed from “sovereign, democratic republic’ to a ‘sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic” .
Let us go back to the time when the Preamble was finalized to understand the damage that the Congress government brought to it when India was suffering under an Emergency.
17th of October, 1949 – The Preamble was brought read that “We, the people of India, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a sovereign Democratic Republic”, Initially it was proposed and later objected which brought in 04 amendments to the Preamble as mentioned below :
- Replacing Sovereign Democratic Republic as the nation with Sovereign Federal Republic or Sovereign Independent Republic. The amendment was rejected.
- Proposed was to name India, Union of India Socialist Republic, in line with the Russia being called USSR. This too was rejected.
- Proposed to introduce ‘In the name of God’ or ‘In the name of Gandhiji’ in the preamble. This too was rejected by 68 votes.
4) discussion on the inclusion of the word- Secular and Socialist- in the Preamble. This inclusion was also sought about in a debate on 15th November, 1948, when Shri KT Shah brought in amendment seeking in Clause (1) of Article 1, mention of the terms “Secular, Federal and Socialist”. Dr. Ambedkar was against the hard-wiring of the Constitution according to the wishes of Constituent Assembly and responded “the Preamble should never have been tampered with”.
But in 1976 , when the state was under democracy, the oppositions were in prison or underground, Indira Gandhi sneaked in the two terms ( Secular and Socialist) into the preamble of the constitution through the 42nd Amendment 1976 [officially known as The Constitution (Forty-second amendment) Act, 1976] . 42nd Amendment was presented in Lok Sabha by Indira Gandhi and congress/INC Government on 28th of August, 1976 and was enacted during the Emergency (25 June 1975 – 21 March 1977).
The adding of two words namely “Secular and Socialist” in Indian constitution was done when there was no opposition to go against the wishes of Indira Gandhi. Therefore , it was processed mostly unconstitutionally. “No opposition” here means student activists, trade unionists , politicians were all put behind bars .Also elections were suspended and civil liberties/freedom were curbed.
Please find the file “Indian constitution 1976” & “Indian constitution 1950”
